Canada – angličtina k maturitě (2)

 

Otázka: Canada

Jazyk: Angličtina

Přidal(a): Niki

 

 

 

 

Basic info

  • situated in the northern part of North America
  • 2nd largest country in the world divided into 10 provinces and 3 territories
  • the member of British Commonwealth (the head of state is the British monarch)
  • 4 original provinces established Canada on 1st July 1867 (Quebec, Ontario, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia)

 

Population

  • almost 33 million people (mainly descendants of Europeans – British or French)
  • native Canadians: Indians, Eskimos/Inuits

 

Languages, symbols

  • official languages: English and French (French speaking people live in the province of Quebec)
  • Maple leaf, beaver

 

Climate

  • mainly continental with short warm summers and long cold winters, indian summer
  • in the north – arctic climate (winter temperatures fall to -50°C)

 

Division of Canada

  • federation of 10 provinces and 3 territories
  • Provinces: Ontario, Quebec, Alberta, Nova Scotia, Newfoundland and Labrador, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, British Columbia
  • Territories: The Northwest Territory, The Yukon Territory, The Nunavut

 

Government

  • a parliamentary democracy with a federal system, a member of the Commonwealth
  • the head of the state – British monarch represented by the Governor General (David Lloyd Johnston – since July 2010)
  • the head of the government – Prime Minister, parliament has two chambers

 

Cities

Ottawa

  • the capital city (province of Ontario), about 883 000 inhabitants, on the Ottawa River
  • started as a village of Bytown in 1827, in 1855 became a city and renamed Ottawa
  • chosen by Queen Victoria to be the seat of Canadian government

 

Toronto

  • largest city (2,6 mil.), province of Ontario
  • CN Tower – completed in 1976, was the world’s tallest free-standing structure and world’s tallest tower for 34 years

 

Quebec

  • the capital of the province of Quebec
  • the oldest city in Canada (old stone buildings, historic French-style architecture)

 

Montreal

  • second largest city (1,8mil), in province of Quebec located on the Island of Montreal
  • the second largest French-speaking city in the Western world after Paris

 

Vancouver

  • the largest city and the busiest port on the western coast; Winter Olympics in 2010

 

Rivers and lakes

  • rivers: the St. Lawrence, the Mackenzie, the Yukon…
  • the most lakes in the world: the Great Lakes (on the US border), Great Bear Lake, Great Slave Lake, ….

 

Nature

  • famous for its varied and beautiful countryside (lots of forests, mountains, rivers, lakes, waterfalls, grasslands – prairies, glaciers, etc.)
  • more than 30 national parks (Jasper, Banff,..)
  • animals – bison, grizzly, beaver, reindeer, seal, elk, moose, polar bear


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